Plans and policies are important tools for cities to define the needs and vision for their urban forests. But implementation requires collaboration between those planning and managing public and private lands, as well as dedicated funding for management and growth.
A variety of possible institutional arrangements, or governance structures and processes, exist. Governance can be thought of as the shared decision-making and rule-setting process by government actors, technical practitioners, civil society, and private businesses. (Sheppard et al, 2017)